The distinct groups of metal stamping

The metal stamping process is actually dividing into five different and distinct type of stampings. They are swaging or coining, bend or multiple bend forming, draw forming, deep draw forming and blanking or fine blanking. Many contract general practitioners, they would probably be able to meet expectations manufacturing the various types of stampings. But without a certain measure of expertise in each discipline, they may not be able to be profitable, or simply compete against the specialist.

Swaging or Coining
Swaging or coining is the reduction of the original metal thickness by applying a certain force to it. This type of metal forming is also called forging, hot forging, and cold heading. Examples are coins, kitchen utensils-such as spoons and knives- and connectors.

Bend or Multiple Bend forming
This type of metal forming bends or shapes metal in angular or radial forms. The forms can be simple to complex. Bending or forming metal usually does not alter the original metal thickness, except at the corner of the bend. It is also common to form metal with a combination of an angular and a radial form. Examples are brackets, switch boxes, stapler machine components, and appliance components

Draw forming
Draw forming is a process that stretch forms material into various shpaes. The shapes are usually round, oval, or rectangular where the depth of the part does not exceed its diameter. The metal starts out as a flat blank and is laid over a die opening. A force must e applied to the blank in order to restrict the flow of metal to prevent it from wrinkling. Depending upon the shape of the part. This type of stamping may require more development as well as trial and error. Examples are ashtrays, bottle caps and lids, ceiling fan housings, and door trim parts.

Deep Draw forming
Deep draw forming is basically the same as draw forming except the metal is drawn to a greater depth. A part can be considered deep draw if the depth exceeds the diameter of the part. This type of metal forming usually is done in stages or reductions. The diameter is gradually made smaller and the part deeper until the final size is reached. Deep draw applications may also require special types of machines such as hydraulic or double-action presses. In-process annealing may also be required to stress relieve the metal force before subsequent forming can be done. Examples are fire extinguishers, soda cans, containers, and oil filters.

Blanking or fine blanking
Blanking is usually considered the easiest type of stamping because it involves only a cutting process. Blanking operation can be accomplished using conventional dies. They can be single operation, compound, or progressive. Fine blanking is a cutting process that products a straight edge with no evidence of metal blank. This usually requires a special fine blanking press. Production speed may be limited using the fine blanking system. A straight edge can be produced in a conventional die and press. Employing a shaving operation. Examples of blanks are keys, washers, and spacers. Examples of fine blanked parts are small gears that require straight edges for engagement.